Thermal plasticity and sensitivity to insecticides in populations of an invasive beetle: Cyfluthrin increases vulnerability to extreme temperature

Climate change increases average temperatures and the occurrence of extreme weather events, in turn accentuating risk organism exposure to temperature stress. When thermal conditions become stressful, sensitivity insects toward insecticides can be exacerbated. Likewise, subsequently influence their ability handle stressful temperatures. Here, we investigated effects constant daily heat spikes, presence/absence insecticide treatment (cyfluthrin), on condition (impairment mobility) tolerance cold (-6 °C) (42.5 terrestrial beetle Alphitobius diaperinus. The responses from four populations (three farm-collected populations, one laboratory population) different durations were compared. results showed that population was generally more sensitive temperatures, with less than 50% adults recovering after an at -6 or +42.5 °C for 3h. Significant differences level also found among poultry farms. Cyfluthrin incurred detrimental insects’ all but population. For two out mobility impairment increased when exposed spikes (6 h per day 38 cyfluthrin simultaneously, compared temperatures; yet, no significant interaction between stressors found. Finally, using farm collected population, pre-exposure provided another example toxicant-induced climate insects.